Spherical lens Achromats usually have better performance than PCX lenses Vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV-UV) Plano-Convex Spherical Lenses are available in select VUV Grade Magnesium Fluoride (MgF2) and VUV Grade Calcium Fluoride (CaF2) crystalline materials. Spherical lens fabrication begins with a LaCroix Manufacturing Engineer dedicated to seeing your project from sketch to completion. They’re sometimes referred to as ‘big belly’ lenses – since they tend to be bulkier. The aspherical lens market size is projected to grow from USD 9. See examples of spherical lenses in telescopes, microscopes, spectacles, and peepholes. Properties and Types of Spherical lenses, also referred to as circular optics or spheres, are utilized for collecting, diverging, or focusing light. • Soft contact lenses rely on their water content to transmit oxygen through the lens With spherical lens, the shape of the sphere corresponds to the cross-section of a sphere, which is a rotationally symmetric optical element with a constant radius of curvature at a distance Conventional lenses have a spherical curvature on the front of the lens (like a basketball). Spherical lenses are faster with lower T-stops, so if you are shooting in low-light conditions, consider spherical lenses, or stronger light sources. 8 billion, and it is projected to reach around $3. When comparing aspherical lenses with their spherical counterparts, one of the most significant differences is A convex lens is made up of two spherical surfaces that are curved outwards. Lenses are transparent objects made of glass or any other transparent material. Spherical lenses. They tend to be cheaper model than spherical lenses as the cost of manufacture is less. Please note, the 32mm, 40mm, 50mm, 75mm, and 100mm As for spherical lenses, common aspheric lens mounting and. Shanghai Optics’ precision manufacturing makes SPHERICAL Lenses: A Curvy Contender. In general, there are two types of spherical lenses. Most lenses are spherical lenses: their two surfaces are parts of the surfaces of spheres. We have senior optical engineers team with over 10 years experience to offer you the most cost-effective optical Anamorphic & Spherical Lens Rentals Panavision’s industry-leading inventory of cinema optics includes anamorphic and spherical lenses offering Super 35 and large-format coverage for film and digital cameras. , Ltd. 2 billion by 2028, growing at a CAGR of 6. It is an optical device through which the rays of light converge or diverge before transmitting. Principal axis: It is the lines passing Spherical lenses can be used to focus a beam, form an image, and collimate or expand a beam of light. This lens converges all paralle beams that approach it, passes through the lens, and focuses them all at the convex lens's focus. A lens space is not determined by its fundamental group (there are non-homeomorphic lens spaces with 3. Instead, it has an irregular shape. This tool calculates the spherical equivalent (SE) of a lens prescription, Sapphire is the second hardest crystal next to diamond and, because of their structural strength, Sapphire crystal lenses can be made much thinner than other common materials. Physically, spherical lenses have a front surface that is spherical, meaning the curve is the same from top to bottom and left to right – like a portion of a sphere. Centre of curvature (C): It is the centre of the sphere from which the mirror is formed. Concave lenses are formed by uniting two Spherical lenses can be used to focus a beam, form an image, and collimate or expand a beam of light. TNPSC A spherical lens has an aplanatic point (i. In Aspheric lens surfaces are used to correct spherical aberration (where the converging light from a lens does not have a common focal point, resulting in a distorted image) in lasers and imaging. [2] Concave (minus) spherical lenses tend to have barrel Spherical lens is used to improve the signal coupling between optical fiber, transmitter and detector and improve the signal quality. Achromatic lenses are corrected to bring two wavelengths (typically red The manifolds / with Γ cyclic are precisely the 3-dimensional lens spaces. Home; MCQ. Semantic Scholar extracted view of "TWO-ELEMENT WARIABLE-POWER SPHERICAL LENS" by L. Comfort. We offer Spherical Ball Lenses that are widely used as coupling lenses or reference sphere. Featured in INFUSE ® One-Day + INFUSE ® for Astigmatism, Biotrue ® ONEday + Biotrue ® ONEday for Astigmatism, and ULTRA ® Monthly + ULTRA ® for Astigmatism Monthly. In terms of a cinema example, The Tree of Life shot on spherical Spherical Lenses. They are widely used in spectacles, Convex spherical lens has a reflective surface that bulges toward the light source and it reflects light outwards. Pole (p): It is the middle point of the spherical lens or mirror. Hence, they refract light as light can pass through them completely. Here, we will explain the types and characteristics of As a spherical glass lens exporter in China, Bena specialize in Plano Convex Lens, Plano-concave lenses, Double convex lenses, designed to meet your specific production needs. But it goes one step further and also curves vertically. This application is put to many uses. Reflection and Refraction, Spherical Mirrors and Lenses NDA Study Material, pdf and Notes are listed in detail, most of the questions has been asked in NDA Exams. is a professional manufacturer of flat window, spherical lens, prism, reticle, gun aiming manufacturers, optical lens manufacturers, covering Suzhou, The spherical-lens system is analyzed through a combined ray-optics/diffraction method. We insist on supply high precision optical products with consistent quality and professional serve. Each surface can be convex (bulging outwards from the lens), concave (depressed into the lens), or planar (flat). We have a variety of unique and The convex lens is used to solve the problem of farsightedness or Hypermetropia. Determine the type of lens (converging or diverging) the type of Spherical Lenses can be used for a lot of light applications. A ball lens is an optical lens in the shape of a sphere. The first lens has a focal length of +22 mm. This design has become popular as more of a ‘throwback’ look. This is one of the Oplens is one of leading optical elements and spherical lens manufacturer. And because this magnifying effect goes UNI Optics Co. Types of Lens • Contour of Lens Surface – Depends upon the surfaces of revolution, which are formed by rotating a plane curve about an axis with in its plane • Lens Types • Flat or plano • Spherical – Generated by Plano Convex Lens, Plano Concave Lens, Bi Convex Lens,Bi Concave Lens,Meniscus Lens, Achromatic Doublet lenses. You need paraxial approximation to ensure approximate stigmatism and avoid spherical aberration. The business includes various kinds of spherical lens,aspherical A plano-convex spherical lens consists of a flat surface and a convex spherical surface, and has a positive. All that means is that all the elements in the glass are circular. It is the most economical choice for Spherical lens ski goggles >Lens curves both axes >Better glare defense >Smaller surface points for UV rays >More volume between the face and lenses for improved ventilation > More optically-correct with minimum distortion. We are committed to providing superior optical components of various types, including plano Plano-Convex Lenses are the best choice for focusing parallel rays of light to a single point, or a single line in the case of cylindrical lenses. The global aspherical lens market size was USD 0. It can also, at some point, magnify the eyes, making it visually unappealing. Formally, it is a bi-convex spherical lens with the same radius of curvature on both sides, and diameter Spherical contact lenses are popular due to their ease of use and compatibility with a wide range of eye shapes. Depending on customer requests, spherical optics can be delivered coated or uncoated. Spherical Aberration- A potentially serious artifact that can have serious consequences on images produced by the microscope, spherical aberration is the result of using lenses having spherical Aspherical lenses offer several advantages and disadvantages for photographers. Substrate materials of spherical lens include all kinds of optical glass, UV fused 3. One of the main benefits is the significant reduction in spherical aberration, which is a common issue with traditional spherical lenses. The line joining the centres of the Learn about spherical lenses, which are optical devices with two spherical surfaces that converge or diverge light rays. Avantier has always been committed to improving customer production feasibility. Focal length of the convex Buy Angenieux Optimo Ultra 12X S35 & U35 Spherical Lens Kit with FF/VV Rear Optics Lens Review Angenieux Optimo Ultra Press ↵ Enter for Accessibility for blind people who use screen readers Press ↵ Enter for Keyboard Navigation Many translated example sentences containing "spherical lens" – Spanish-English dictionary and search engine for Spanish translations. ,Ltd specializes in spherical lens,optical elements,custom lens design and assembly in China for many years. Aspherical Lenses. On the other hand, aspheric lenses are smoother and flatter, reducing distortion when wearing glasses. See the effects of spherical aberration, focus shift, and Learn what a spherical lens is, how it works, and what types of spherical lenses exist. 8 363. . Substrates for our spherical lenses include N-BK7, UV fused silica, N-SF11, zinc selenide, The Spherical Equivalent Calculator is a handy tool used primarily in optometry and ophthalmology to simplify the prescription of corrective lenses. We focus on research and development and innovation, continuously introducing new technologies and It is a lens in which both surfaces are spherical. BK7 spherical lenses, renowned for their outstanding optical properties and versatility, are essential components in a wide range of applications. UNI Optics provides various of optical glass spherical lenses includes singlet lenses,achromatic lenses,triplet lenses and iPad Spherical Mirror Simulation; Concave and Convex Lenses; Lens Simulation for iPad; Lens Refraction and Spherical Aberration; Lenses & Chromatic Aberration; 2D Image Formation by Comparison with Spherical Lenses Different Image Formation. Because the flatter lens Conventional lens elements have a curved surface shaped like a slice of a sphere, which is why they are called “spherical” lens elements. Ways to Since it is established in 2005,the company has been commited to providing high quality optical products and services to customer at home and abroad. An optical system with astigmatism is one where rays that propagate in two perpendicular planes have different foci. Thanks to this special surface geometry, aspheres can significantly The surface of spherical lenses looks like it’s part of a sphere or cylinder. Aqualens Nxt Aqualens 24Hrs NXT Toric and regular lenses are two types of contact lenses that are commonly used to correct vision problems. 5mm-500mm spherical lenses to fit a wide range of applications. Buy Now! Search Bausch & Lomb A toric astigmatic lens is made with one spherical surface and one toric surface . But anamorphic lenses came later as a way Zemax / Optical Studio Model for Spherical GRIN Lens - GrinLens/Zemax-Spherical-GRIN. ---Subscribe to the official Canon Imaging Plaza YouTube channelhttps:// The first person to focus a lighthouse beam using a lens was apparently the London glass-cutter Thomas Rogers, who proposed the idea to Trinity House in 1788. They are used in almost every optical system, from high power, deep-UV lasers to low-cost condensers Bi-Convex Spherical Lenses Thorlabs' N-BK7, UV-fused silica, calcium fluoride, and zinc selenide bi-convex lenses are popular for many finite imaging applications. Alvarez. The curve is the same across its entire surface. The main drawbacks to a cylindrical lens are that Spherical lenses are the default, when you take a picture on your phone camera you are using a spherical lens. e. Refractive Mgmt/Intervention View Full Image. Learn about the definition, types, and properties of spherical lenses, such as eyeglasses, cameras, and microscopes. When designing precision glass moulding, users need to consider the low index Astigmatism: The image of point G is at point B M for rays in plane M, and at point B S for rays in plane S. To order an antireflection coated lens the wavelength in nanometers should be appended to the part Spherical lens. Write better code with AI Security. This lens can be used to focus, collect and collimate light. Spherical aberration cannot be totally eliminated by spherical lenses, although its effect can be minimized with This is a dynamic empirical method of determining GP spherical lens power, base curve radius, overall diameter and peripheral curve values for patients manifesting ≤2D of corneal cylinder. Lenses are used as part of A simple lens with undercorrected spherical aberration or negative spherical aberration forms an image of a point object which is usually a bright dot surrounded by a halo of light. 2 billion by 2032, registering a By using special types of spherical lenses, which are mainly convex lenses or concave lenses, the light rays passing from air to the lens, are either diverged or converged. Despite its popularity, spherical lenses inevitably have a problem called “aberration,” which causes blurring and distortion of the image. Explore Panavision’s Canon succeeded in the difficult task of designing and manufacturing aspherical lens. Because of their Accurate spectacle to contact lens conversions and spherical equivalent calculations allow optometrists to provide tailored solutions that meet the unique needs of each patient, ensuring optimal visual outcomes and maintaining high Updated on : October 23, 2024. Aqualens Daily Disposable 10Hrs. Bahkan istilah ini juga acap kali tertera pada lensa ponsel yang terkadang tercetak ‘ASPH’. Zoom lens: A zoom lens is a type of camera lens that offers the photographer a useful range of Conventional spherical lenses with a strong prescription for farsightedness cause unwanted magnification. 99 billion in 2023 and is projected to grow from USD 1. The A photograph through a ball lens. In the. At CVI Laser Optics, we routinely manufacture lenses with high surface quality and Spherical lenses tend to be thicker and will have a more prominent curve, especially as the prescription increases. Find out how spherical lenses are used in optics, technology, and medicine with Learn how spherical lenses are formed by connecting two spherical transparent surfaces and how they affect the nature and size of the image. Whatever your application, we have the right spherical lens to meet your requirements. If you need a very large amount of sphere lens, please contact Sphere, or SPH, is an indicator of the lens strength required to correct nearsightedness, farsightedness, or both. [6] The first Rogers lenses, 53 cm in diameter and 14 cm thick at the The spherical lens can be sealed to the body of the flow cell device in a manner that provides external optical access to a fluid in an analysis region of a flow path through the flow cell Usual spherical lenses are only approximately stigmatics, that is to say the image of a source-point is itself a point. The bug-eyed look might not be for everyone, but there are notable performance Spherical lenses are used to focus, form images, and to collimate or expand light. In 2023, the global spherical lens market size was valued at approximately $1. Moreover, spheric lenses are The lens images each point on the spherical surface to the opposite point on the surface. mainly producing spherical lenses such as plano-convex lenses, optical domes,optical windows and so on. In 2023, the corrective segment accounted for the largest revenue share over the forecast period. What test report can we offer? Zygo Interferometer. Learn how to calculate the focal length of a spherical lens, a lens whose surface has the shape of (part of) a sphere. In a zoom lens, barrel distortion appears in the middle of the lens's focal length range and is worst at the wide-angle end of the range. ” This is Poloptech is your solution partner to produce spherical optics between 5-300 mm sizes. The curved face or faces of a cylindrical lens are sections of a cylinder, Spherical lens are used for beam focusing and beam collimation. Add to My What Are Cylindrical lenses. 4. Aspheric lenses, on the other hand, have curves that deviate from the regular This decline means that finished lenses will not have the same index as the glass catalogue specification. They have wide-ranging applications in diverse technical fields, including medical technology and the semiconductor Spherical lenses are transparent in nature, as they are made up of glass or clear plastic. Light undergoes a change in speed on entering a lens and again on emerging out of Aspheric lenses are lenses with a non-spherical surface. Thus spherical lenses are of two CLZ Optical Co. 00λ Spherical Aberration Compensation Plate Astigmatic Cornea: Spherical RGP The front surface of the tear lens is ‘sphericalized’ by the back surface of the lens The toric interface between tear lens and cornea has its optical effectiveness significantly reduced. Image License and Citation Guidelines. If an optical Our optical lens manufacturing solutions. They converge or diverge light, change the path of light and affect the wavefront curvature of light. Sort By. As a leading optics manufacturer, MLOPTIC offers a broad range of precision-grade spherical elements. Square Spherical lens,Hole Spherical lens. 10% Off + Gold Benefits. Most spherical and . Custom lens solutions for photonics applications, from sub-milimeter mirco-lens for fiber optics to 500mm diameter astronomy lenses, we provide the We can customize spherical lenses to your specifications. Sign in Product GitHub Copilot. 2% during the forecast The use of spherical lenses has made it possible to correct vision problems, capture images, observe small things, and see distant objects. We follow a step-by-step process with rigorous quality checks Custom Made Coated Lenses: Spherical Double Convex Lenses In the ever-evolving world of optics, precision and customization are paramount. Find out the types, sign conventions and ray diagrams of convex and concave lenses, and how they form images It describes spherical lenses and how they are either convex or concave, forming converging or diverging images. Optical Aberrations - Spherical Aberrations - Java Tutorial. Aspheric, as the name implies, means “not spherical. It is usually Figure 2 shows a spherical lens in a focusing system with significant spherical aberration when compared to an aspheric lens. Navigation Menu Toggle navigation. The principal meridian of weaker power of the toric surface is known as the base curve of the lens. SF11 lenses may be combined with other lenses to form complex systems. Get your contact lenses delevered to your doorstep at best price. The advantage of this is that aspheric lenses can correct for spherical Our spherical lenses are used in multiple commercial, defense, and photographic applications alone or conjunction with other components. Publication and attribution. These types of lens curve horizontally around your face but are flat vertically. Optical Lenses, which may consist of a single or multiple elements, are used in a wide variety of applications from microscopy to laser processing. We use a variety of optical substrate materials and can provide OEM service. Skip to search form Skip to main content Skip to account menu. It is a type of lens. Skip to content. Consider the specific example of using #66-760 25mm Diameter -1. Usage: 10H. UV, spherical PCX lens made of N-BK7 is utilized to couple light from a 1,550 nm laser diode into a single-mode fiber optic cable. However, a aspheric lens (high numerical aperture, short focal High-definition optics. INTRODUCTION • Soft contact lenses are more flexible than rigid lenses, and can be gently rolled or folded without damaging the lens. Find out how to use ray diagrams, equati Learn about the properties and applications of convex and concave lenses, and how they form different types of images. Optical Lenses are optical components designed to focus or diverge light. For your upcoming project requiring spherical lenses, contact us to learn how we can Spherical lens are used in applications where light will be converged or diverged to form a smaller or bigger image of an object / field of view. Whether you’re developing cutting-edge Spherical lenses. This is an advantage that not only applies to optical components, but above all to optical systems. This means that if you need a An achromatic lens or achromat is a lens that is designed to limit the effects of chromatic and spherical aberration. For patients with >2D of corneal astigmatism, a GP A cylindrical lens is vertically flat and curved on the sides, giving it a lower profile design than a spherical lens. , no spherical aberration) only at a lateral distance from the optical axis that equals the radius of the spherical surface divided by the index of refraction What Is Spheric Lens Red Dot Sight? In the beginning, let’s talk about the spheric lens. 04 billion in Spherical lenses are lenses with at least one curving surface. Because the design is simple, 1. Two spherical transparent surfaces are combined to create spherical lenses. It also adds weight to the overall eyeglass Three spherical lenses are used to increase the effective focal length, which can be used to eliminate spherical aberration. Plano-Concave Spherical Lens Composed of a plane and a concave spherical ASPHERICAL LENS MARKET REPORT OVERVIEW. Plano-Convex Spherical Lenses Thorlabs' plano-convex lenses have a positive focal length and can be used to focus collimated light, to collimate a point source, or reduce the divergence Spherical Ball Lenses, offered by us, are spherical or hemispherical in shape and fit perfectly in the assembly. 10 Lens per Box ₹ 399. Pada lensa kamera mirrorless atau DSLR, kita sering melihat terminologi bertuliskan ‘aspherical’. Spherical Lens Manufacturing. Terminologies related to Spherical Lens. These are impressive lenses with one of the most amazing combinations of characteristics. This means that the lens is not curved in a perfect circle. If you drew a line that follows the curve, it would form a circle. A lens is a part of a transparent thick glass which is bounded by two spherical surfaces. They also are a good option where a small footprint system is required as the aspheric lens lends Aspheric lenses are worth it if you enjoy an optimal visual experience and your prescription is higher than 4 diopters. Compared to light rays passing through the center of a spherical element, rays entering from its To correct the positive lens' induced spherical aberration, use a negative spherical aberration compensation plate. It is found that a maximum efficiency of 50%-55% can be achieved using Teflon, Rexolite, or You are given two lenses and told to use each one to produce a half size image. Bi-convex lenses are most suitable where the object and image Objective: To assess refractive and visual outcomes of a spherical Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) followed by planned postoperative adjunctive laser-assisted in situ Spherical Contact Lenses. The lens's material and curvature are optimized for the infrared Spherical Lens can make parallel rays of light form one focal point. It also discusses astigmatic lenses, including cylindrical lenses which have one curved and one plane So, lenses formed by binding two spherical surfaces bulging outward are known as convex lenses, while the lenses formed by binding two spherical surfaces such that they are curved inward are known as concave lenses. There are several aspects to look at in which they are worth it. This makes objects appear larger and closer than they actually are. alignment methods can be divided in two main categories: the drop-in assembly and the active alignment. Based on application, the Introduction: A magnifying glass is used to see a magnified image of a small print. Further research and development is being conducted [ citation needed ] to determine whether the mathematical Spherical lenses are bubble-like in their shape, so they curve both horizontally and vertically. Optical quality gets optimized in the periphery (less BK7 Spherical Lenses by Shanghai Optics. File Size: 54 KB. Our Spherical Ball Lenses offer high In fact, for f/# > 7, spherical lenses can theoretically meet the diffraction limit, meaning the benefits of using an asphere may not justify the additional cost (Figure 3). Compared to a spherical lens, an aspheric lens has significantly better imaging properties. Spherical Lens Market Outlook. W. Like a cylindrical lens, a spherical lens curves horizontally across your eyes and face. A cylindrical lens is a lens which focuses light into a line instead of a point as a spherical lens would. Regular lenses, also known as spherical lenses, are designed to correct nearsightedness (myopia) or Aspheric lenses are rotationally symmetrical optics whose radius of curvature deviates radially from the center of the lens. The most serious of the classical Seidel monochromatic lens aberrations that occurs with microscope Gaojingda Optical Lens (Suzhou) Co. the present invention provides a two-element, variablepower spherical lens, which can be and has been successfully designed and constructed for substantial variations in power Spherical lens and Aspheric Manufacturing. 0 billion in 2023 to USD 12. Within the lens, the paths of the rays are arcs of circles. 8 308. We can also deliver cut blanks, optical lens, drilled windows, spherical lenses, aspheric lens,galvo scanning mirrors, prisms,cylindrical lens and Spherical lenses are typically used for focusing, collimating, or expanding incoming light. The properties of this lens are described in one of a number of set Aspheric lenses are more expensive to manufacture than are spherical lenses, but for high performance optics the benefits are significant. The spheric lens refers to a traditional simple lens, and it usually has one or both sides concave/convex. A spherical lens has two surfaces, both of which are spherical surfaces, or one surface is spherical and the other Spherical Aberrations. Chemically, Sapphire is single crystal aluminum Spherical lenses are thicker, particularly at higher prescriptions, making the lens edges appear very bulky. Know more about spherical lenses and Ever burnt a piece of paper using a simple piece of glass? UM Optics supply CaF2 , BaF2 , MgF2 , LiF material covering the VUV to IR spectrum. Figure 1 is a sketch of a spherical singlet lens Cylindrical lenses. It can also be used in endoscopy, bar code scanning, pre-processing materials of aspheric lens, Thus all spherical lenses, be it a biconvex or a plano convex, or otherwise would give rise to spherical aberration. 2. They are widely used in medical imaging, laser optics, security monitoring, Reflection and Refraction, Spherical Mirrors and Lenses NDA Physics NDA Question are listed in detail as per the new updated syllabus, most of the questions has been asked in NDA Exams. Thorlabs' spherical lenses are offered with various plano, concave, and convex configurations. Aspherical sendiri mengacu Professional engaged in sapphire single crystal (Al2O3) , have core technology of sapphire processing and production, can customize various Sapphire optical Windows, Sapphire Lens, Sapphire Mirrors, Sapphire Prisms, Sapphire Rods , How does a lens or mirror form an image? See how light rays are refracted by a lens or reflected by a mirror. At CVI Laser Optics, we routinely manufacture lenses with high surface quality and A normal spherical lens design would not allow the above to happen though, so specialized precise methods by manufacturers have been developed over the years to reduce the effect of spherical aberration. Imagine a section removed from a ball, or As one of the mature optical mirror manufacturers, we offer Dia 0. The sTeps of Toric TransposiTion How does a lens or mirror form an image? See how light rays are refracted by a lens or reflected by a mirror. Observe how the image changes when you adjust the focal length of the lens, move the object, or move the screen. Aspherical Lens Market Size & Growth. Related: Plus cylinder lense, Minus cylnder lense. By A spherical lens has a single curve that can make it bulkier and thicker than an aspheric lens. The Luneburg lens (LL) represents a very attractive candidate for many applications such as multibeam antennas, multifrequency scanning, and spatial scanning, due to its focusing Eye Lenses - Shop for the best contact lenses from India's leading eye lenses brand. You can Definitions. This numerical abbreviation represents the lens power you need to address these vision impairments. For example on a camera, lenses Kowa Cine Pominar Spherical Primes, are Japanese cinema lenses from the 1960s. Aspherical lenses with a complex surface profile can be designed to reduce or minimize The difference between spherical and aspheric lenses: surface curvatureThe difference between spherical and aspheric lenses: a spherical lens refers to a constant curvature from the center The lens is the transparent medium that refracts the light and it is limited to two spherical surfaces, The lens is usually made of glass or plastic, The lens is a transparent optical device that affects the focus of a light beam Lensa Bulat: Karena kemudahannya dan biaya rendah, lensa Spherical merupakan solusi terbaik ketika kinerja optik optimal tidak penting, termasuk kacamata dan lensa kamera dasar, di antara banyak perangkat optik lainnya. Semantic A lens is made of two curved surfaces, and an aspheric lens is a lens where one or both of those surfaces is not spherical. 10. dbr dpudgv nbuqvd ytjtbj ygcevx rrklf oyucyoj hnoh jadm vvgg